1. Dig cuts treatment to use planing tool to undertake to workpiece cutting is machined on planer, call dig to cut treatment. Dig cuts treatment to basically be used at machining all sorts of plane (wait like horizontal, vertical plane and cant) with groove (wait for) like chamfer of form of chamfer of end of T form chamfer, swallow, V. The cutting movement that the typical surface that dig cuts treatment sees graph 1(pursues medium is the) that when be being machined by shaping machine, tags. Graph 1 dig cuts dig of treatment model surface to cut the machine tool with common treatment to have shaping machine and double housing planer. (1) shaping machine is shown 2 times like the graph, shaping machine is main wait for composition by lathe bed, beam, workbench, ram, tool carrier, because of its ram and tool carrier be similar in shape " bovine head " and get a name. When shaping machine works, of tool carrier the ram of 1 3 by lathe bed the fork of 4 interior is driven, the slideway of coping of edge lathe bed makes linear reciprocate, realize cutting process by cutting tool advocate motion. Clamping apparatus or workpiece are installed in workbench 6 on, when treatment, workbench 6 belts begin construction an edge beam 5 on slideway makes intermittent and transverse feed move. Crossbeam 5 shift can finish on the perpendicular slideway of edge lathe bed, in order to adjust the relative position of workpiece and planing tool. Tool carrier 1 OK still edge tool carrier the slideway that go up moves up and down (move) for the hand commonly, cut deepness in order to adjust dig, and when machining perpendicular plane and cant to make feed move. Adjust giant stride 2, can make tool carrier left and right sides whirly, so that machine oblique plane and inclined chamfer. 1- tool carrier; 2- dial; 3- ram; 4- lathe bed; 5- beam; 6- workbench; Graph the cutting tool of shaping machine of 2 shaping machine moves to just undertake cutting up in only, cutting tool does not undertake cutting when return, idle stroke loss is big, in addition, ram is in the instant of inverting, have bigger impact inertial, accordingly advocate athletic speed cannot too tall; When treatment normally can short-hilted broadsword treatment, its productivity is so lower. Of shaping machine advocate parameter is the oldest planing machine cuts length. It applies to sheet small lot production or machine repair shop, with the plane that will process medium, small-sized work or groove. (Graph of 2) double housing planer the 3 outline drawing that are double housing planer, because it has " dragon door " type frame and get a name. When double housing planer works, workpiece outfit is placed in workbench 9 on, along with workbench edge lathe bed the horizontal slideway of 10 makes linear reciprocate with implementation cutting process advocate motion. Outfit in crossbeam the 2 vertical tool carrier that go up 5, the 6 transverse feed that can make intermittence along crossbeam slideway move, dig of in order to cuts the horizontal of workpiece, the swift current of vertical tool carrier board still can make tool carrier moves up and down, make the motion that cut a person or dig upend plane. In addition, tool carrier is smooth board still can circle horizontal axis to adjust to position of proper point of view, in order to machine oblique plane or inclined chamfer. Crossbeam 2 but the edge controls pillar 3, the slideway of 7 is made perpendicular litre fall in order to adjust position of vertical tool carrier, get used to the treatment need of different height workpiece. Hold the side tool post on or so pillar 1, the 8 intermittent feed that can make perpendicular way along pillar slideway move, cut workpiece upend plane with dig. Nextpage1, 8- is left, right side tool post; 2- beam; 3, 7- pillar; 4- topbeam; 5, 6- vertical tool carrier; 9- workbench; 10- lathe bed pursues 3 double housing planer and shaping machine photograph are compared, double housing planer has body big, motivation big, structure is complex, rigid long, adaptability mixes journey of stability of good, job, job by force treatment precision is advanced characteristic. Of double housing planer advocate parameter is the oldest planing machine cuts width. It basically uses the plane that machines large part, especially narrow and long plane, also can machine groove or machine number at the same time in holding clip therein, the plane of small-sized workpiece. (The structure of planing tool of 3) planing tool and lathe tool are similar, of its geometry angle choose a principle as basic as lathe tool also identical. But there is impact in cutting a course because of dig, so of planing tool before horn is made an appointment with than lathe tool small 5 ° , 6 ° ; And the blade dip of planing tool also should take bigger negative worth, it is in order to make planing tool cuts the wallop action of the generation when person workpiece on a bit far from point of a knife cutting blade. The arbor of planing tool is sectional bulkier, with increasing arbor tigidity is mixed prevent to break off. If the graph is shown 4 times, planing tool arbor has straight lever and the branch that bend lever, when dig of straight lever planing tool is cut, if encounter mental allowance not all or when the hard spot on workpiece, increase suddenly of cutting force to be out of shape the curving that increases planing tool, cause cutting blade to be plunged into already machined the surface, reduced the precision that already machined the surface and exterior quality, blade of cutting of easy also attaint (4a) seeing a picture. If use curved lever planing tool, when cutting force increases suddenly, arbor arises bend be out of shape can make point of a knife leaves work, avoid to plunge into workpiece (4b) seeing a picture. (Planing tool of A) straight head (B) bend planing tool pursues appearance of arbor of 4 planing tool (the structure of planer of craft characteristic ① that 4) dig cuts treatment is simple, adjust, the operation is convenient; Planing tool is made, blade is ground, installation is easy, treatment fare is low; ② dig cuts treatment cutting rate is low, the loss that together with idle stroke causes, productivity is general and inferior. But adding narrow long range and undertake many or when much knife is machined, the productivity that dig cuts is not as low as milling; ③ dig cuts the T form chamfer with larger size of particularly appropriate treatment, swallow end chamfer to reach narrow long plane. 2. Insert cut treatment to insert cut and the cutting way that dig cuts is basic and same, just insert cutting is in upend direction undertakes cutting. Accordingly, can think slotting machine is the planer of a kind of vertical. Graph the 5 outline drawing that are slotting machine. Insert when cutting treatment, ram 2 drive slotting tool to make linear reciprocate along perpendicular direction, those who realize cutting process advocate motion. Workpiece installation is in circular table 1 on, circular table can come true fore-and-aft, transverse move with the intermittent feed of circumferential direction. In addition, use graduation device 5, circular table still can undertake circumferential graduation. Ram slideway 3 can circle bearing pin together with ram 4 opposite inside perpendicular plane pillar tilt 0 ° , 8 ° , so that insert scarfing chamfer and cant. 1- circular table; 2- ram; 3- ram slideway; 4- bearing pin; 5- graduation device; 6- bed saddle; 7- is smooth board graph of slotting machine of 5 slotting machine advocate parameter is the biggest insert cut length. Insert cut basically use at sheet, work processes in small lot production inside the surface, wait like square aperture, polygonal aperture and keyway. In the surface inside the treatment on slotting machine, more convenient than planer, but tigidity of slotting tool arbor is poor, to prevent " plunge into a knife " , angle shoulds not be too great before, because this machines precision,cut than dig low. CNC MillingCNC Machining